Histone acetylation

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure.

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology volume 18 , Article number: 84 Cite this article. Metrics details. Histone acetylation is a critical epigenetic modification that changes chromatin architecture and regulates gene expression by opening or closing the chromatin structure. It plays an essential role in cell cycle progression and differentiation. The human endometrium goes through cycles of regeneration, proliferation, differentiation, and degradation each month; each phase requiring strict epigenetic regulation for the proper functioning of the endometrium.

Histone acetylation

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. The amino termini of histones extend from the nucleosomal core and are modified by acetyltransferases and deacetylases during the cell cycle. These acetylation patterns may direct histone assembly and help regulate the unfolding and activity of genes. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Allfrey, V. Book Google Scholar. Hebbes, T. Adirect link between core histone acetylation and transcriptionally active chromatin. EMBO J.

In addition to relationship between DNA methylation and acetylation, it was found that histone acetylation can induce DNA demethylation. However, histone acetylation, this overall level of flexibility appears to histone acetylation a specific feature of the highly active yeast genome. Table 2.

Histone acetylation is highly conserved across eukaryotes and has been linked to gene activation since its discovery nearly 60 years ago. Over the past decades, histone acetylation has been evidenced to play crucial roles in plant development and response to various environmental cues. In this review, we briefly describe the discovery of histone acetylation, the mechanism of histone acetylation regulating transcription in yeast and mammals, and summarize the research progress of plant histone acetylation. Furthermore, we also emphasize the effect of histone acetylation on seed development and its potential use in plant breeding. A comprehensive knowledge of histone acetylation might provide new and more flexible research perspectives to enhance crop yield and stress resistance. To fit inside the nucleus, DNA must be compacted in multiple orders, the first being the nucleosome, the repetitive unit of DNA wrapped along histones.

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Lysine acetylation is a widespread and versatile protein post-translational modification.

Histone acetylation

Endothelial cell EC , consisting of the innermost cellular layer of all types of vessels, is not only a barrier composer but also performing multiple functions in physiological processes. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Growing pieces of evidence suggest that histone protein acetylation, an epigenetic mark, is altered in ECs under different conditions, and the acetylation status change at different lysine sites on histone protein plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction and involved in hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammatory disease, cancer and so on. In this review, we highlight the importance of histone acetylation in regulating endothelial functions and discuss the roles of histone acetylation across the transcriptional unit of protein-coding genes in ECs under different disease-related pathophysiological processes. Since histone acetylation changes are conserved and reversible, the knowledge of histone acetylation in endothelial function regulation could provide insights to develop epigenetic interventions in preventing or treating endothelial dysfunction-related diseases. Endothelial cells ECs , mostly in the inner layer of blood vessels are co-existing with ever-changing environmental conditions, such as fluid shear stress, fluctuations of blood pressure, glucose and cytokines, nutrition availability, as well as pollutant molecules Potente and Makinen, ; Sturtzel, Sensitive response to rapid changes in both internal and external cues is essential for ECs to maintain cellular homeostasis. Histone post-translational modifications PTMs represent crucial epigenetic mechanisms governing the ability of ECs in response to intracellular and extracellular stimuli.

Stream how the grinch stole christmas

In contrast, multiple HDACs have been demonstrated to be involved in regulating histone acetylation levels during various stress responses. Reprod Med Biol. Renauld, H. Histone H4-K16 acetylation controls chromatin structure and protein interactions. The histone deacetylase HDAC11 regulates the expression of interleukin 10 and immune tolerance. Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications. Kim et al. In fact, exhaustive studies have linked epigenetic variation, exemplified by DNA methylation or histone modifications, to various developmental or stress responsive processes in both Arabidopsis and crops, providing new directions for advancing breeding strategies Verkest et al. Transcriptome analysis of azacitidine 5-AzaC -treatment affecting the development of early somatic embryogenesis in longan. Ma, X. Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of death globally. Chromatin and chromosome structure. Cancer Communications. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 18 , 84 Meehan RR, Stancheva I.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed with the help of histone proteins into chromatin.

Google Scholar PubMed. Histone acetylation and chromatin signature in stem cell identity and cancer. Open in new tab. Protruding histone tails undergo post translational modifications such as methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Strahl-Bolsinger, S. Selective inhibition of p inhibits the cell cycle and induces apoptosis. HAT1 Araport: At3g HATs are a diverse set of proteins. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. Histone acetylation provides a support for transcription; transcription is largely a condition for maintaining histone acetylation at associated sites. USA submitted. Close banner Close. Secretory phase and implantation. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. Gross, D.