Stilbene

Federal government websites often end stilbene. The site is secure. BoxKuopio, Finland.

Classified as a diarylethene , it features a central ethylene moiety with one phenyl group substituent on each end of the carbon—carbon double bond. It has an E stereochemistry, meaning that the phenyl groups are located on opposite sides of the double bond, the opposite of its geometric isomer , cis -stilbene. Trans -stilbene occurs as a white crystalline solid at room temperature and is highly soluble in organic solvents. It can be converted to cis -stilbene photochemically , and further reacted to produce phenanthrene. Stilbene was discovered in by the French chemist Auguste Laurent.

Stilbene

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Gormand A.

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Stilbenes are a class of phenolic metabolites found in various edible plants, such as grapevine, berries and peanuts. Their bioactivitiy and their potential benefits for human health have been the subject of several studies. Among all identified stilbenes, resveratrol has been particularly studied and results from literature showed that it presents several biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. Likewise, some researches focused on other stilbenes and highlighted similar biological activity for those compounds. However, stilbenes present a high diversity in their phenolic structures various chemical substituents and polymerization which is a determining factor of their absorption and metabolism rates. Consequently, this could affect the effectiveness of stilbenes in vivo. In this context, an evaluation of the bioavailability and metabolism of stilbenes is necessary to move forward with pharmacological and clinical studies. Hence, this review aims to present recently obtained data and results concerning stilbenes sources and bioavailability, as a contribution to the valorization of the role of dietary stilbenes in the human diet. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Rent this article via DeepDyve.

Stilbene

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Stilbenes are polyphenolic allelochemicals synthesized by plants, especially grapes, peanuts, rhubarb, berries, etc. They are now exploited in medicine for their antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. It is characterized by the release of cytokines which can wreak havoc on healthy tissues, worsening the disease condition. Resveratrol, the most studied stilbene, lowers the Michaelis constant of SIRT1, and occupies the substrate binding pocket. Gigantol interferes with the complement system. Besides these, oxyresveratrol, pterostilbene, polydatin, viniferins, etc.

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Polyphenol-rich grape powder extract GPE attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media. Pigment epithelium-derived factor maintains retinal pigment epithelium function by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor-R2 signaling through gamma-secretase. Cancer Research. Another interesting stilbene compound with potential health-beneficial properties is pinosylvin 3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene , a naturally occurring trans-stilbenoid which is mainly found in the heartwood of Pinus species and occurs in high concentrations in bark waste and thus this stilbene compound may represent an inexpensive polyphenol with considerable potential for diverse health-promoting applications [ 9 — 11 ]. Impaired autophagy and APP processing in Alzheimer's disease: the potential role of Beclin 1 interactome. Importantly, it was also observed that the improved behavioral performance was associated with increases in total CREB and elevated levels of pro- and mature BDNF in the hippocampus. There is also increasing preclinical data obtained in various animal models indicating that polyphenols such as stilbenes can target critical sites involved in the disease process and ultimately alleviate disease outcomes. For instance, data from mouse models indicates that the Nrf2 system declines with age subjecting RPE cells to oxidative stress [ ]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. AMD and AD share common features with the neurodegenerative aging diseases, that is, abnormal accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates lipofuscin, drusen, and AD plaques , perturbation of autophagy clearance system, and increased cellular status of oxidative stress and inflammation [ — ]. Bauerova K. E -Stilbene [1]. Thus this human trial provided the first indication that long-term supplementation with a GE-RES could downregulate the expression of key proinflammatory cytokines suggesting that this polyphenol treatment may have a true beneficial immunomodulatory impact in humans suffering from hypertension [ ].

Federal government websites often end in.

The American Journal of Pathology. In the majority of studies, stilbene compounds such as resveratrol have appeared to be well tolerated and no marked toxicity has been reported [ 48 ]. Decreased glucose levels were found to be associated with activated levels of AMPK and its downstream targets leading to decreased blood HbA1c levels, hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme activity, and hepatic glycogen. The achiral meso compound 1 R ,2 S -1,2-diphenyloxirane arises from cis -stilbene, though peroxide epoxidations of the cis -isomer produce both cis - and trans -epoxide products. Synergism of plant-derived polyphenols in adipogenesis: perspectives and implications. Isas J. Obesity Obesity is a major global health problem; for example, it is one of the major risk factors for T2D. Elements of Chemistry: Theoretical and Practical. Potential therapeutic applications of tetrahydrobiopterin: from inherited hyperphenylalaninemia to mitochondrial diseases. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.